Valgus deformation of the thumb of the foot: degree, treatment

The valgus deformation of the thumb of the foot is the most common orthopedic disease.Its main feature is the curvature of the 1 Plusnephalanx articulation.In the early stages, it manifests itself in the form of a small growth near the thumb.The pathology has a slow development, so it is quite difficult to diagnose it in the initial stages.Valgus deformation is often combined with a violation of the blood flow to the tissues, which leads to the development of arthritis or arthrosis.In the absence of treatment in the thumb joint, an acute inflammatory process occurs, called Bursitis.

What contributes to the curvature of the finger?

The causes of Valgus deformation can be different, the main ones are considered:

• flat feet;
• Congenital pathologies of the Plusplange joint;
• muscle weakness, which leads to the pathological mobility of bone surfaces;
• feet injuries;
• The destruction of the cartilage against the background of arthritis or arthrosis.

Wearing uncomfortable shoes to direct reasons for the occurrence of the disease does not apply, but can accelerate the development of the pathological process.Therefore, Khalus Valgus is often found in women.There are other pathological reasons why the first finger of the foot can bend.Osteoporosis develops when the lisciviation of calcium with bone tissues, due to which they become less dense.This is what leads to a change in the form of the joint.Almost every person who has Valgus deformation symptoms has one of the 2 types of plates.Endocrine disorders contribute to a decrease in the force of ligaments, which is why they cannot keep the articulation in the right position.The risk group includes women who are used to walking with high -wheeled shoes.The supply of an increase in loads on the fingers accelerates the curvature process of the joint.Ballet dancers are forced to stand on socks for a long time, which can lead to the deformation of the feet.Therefore, Valgus deformation is found only in 3% of people under the age of 30, while among the elderly every 5 people have a similar problem.This disease is often found in patients whose parents had pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.

Clinical picture of the disease

The curvature of the leg of the leg in the initial stages is quite difficult to notice.A person known who becomes uncomfortable to walk in the usual shoes.After a long stay in an upright position, pain syndrome occurs.Over time, the main sign of the pathology appears: the deviation of the first metatarsal joint -falangea towards the second with the formation of the cone so called.The rest of the fingers takes on the form of hammering.The patient can experience chronic fatigue and difficulty in selecting shoes.Over time, the corn appear on the skin of the feet, bringing many inconveniences to a person.The most common signs of valgus deformation are painful sensations associated with the inflammation of the synovial membrane.A soft seal appears in the first finger.The skin of the affected area blushes and swells.Over time, bone corn is formed, irritating and cartilage.More pains appear while walking.The mobility of the joint is limited, the pathological process can cover all the fingers of the foot.

There are several degrees of valgus deformation, each of which has its own symptoms:

1. The 1st degree Hallux valgus is characterized by the curvature of the finger no more than 20 °.There is no pain at the same time.
2. In case of 2 degrees illness, the joint is moved by 21-30 °.The unpleasant sensations are mild in nature, the mobility of the finger is not disturbed.
3. With the Valgus deformation of the 3rd degree, the corner of curvature exceeds 30 °.Pain in the affected area acquires a constant character.They prevent a person from wearing family shoes, walking and practicing sports.
4. In 4 phases of the disease, the articulation is moved by over 50 °.The deformation of this degree is characterized by severe pain, difficulty with the choice of shoes, the formation of a corn.

How this disease is revealed

To make a preliminary diagnosis, a foot exam and a history of the Amanese are performed.The doctor should:

• evaluate the severity of the change of pace;
• The degree of curvature of the joint;
• the presence of corn;
• bone cones.

The main therapeutic measures

The choice of a particular methodology depends on the degree of deformation of the joint and the severity of the pain syndrome.The most effective treatment of the Vallus Del Pollice del Foot deformation is in its early stages.Therapy can be both conservative and surgical.In addition, the development of orthopedic shoes, which contributes to the correct distribution of the load and prevents the aspect of corn, helps to suspend the development of the pathological process.ForReduce the pressure on the affected area, specialoSoles and gaskets.Due to the large number of side effects, these funds are not suitable for prolonged use.Drug therapy cannot completely save a person from the Valgus deformation.With his help, you can only eliminate pain and signs of inflammation.For the treatment of the disease, physiotherapy procedures are often used: diatheria or ultrasound.However, these methods also bring only temporary relief.The most effective is the use of orthopedic devices that are realized of the individual characteristics of the foot.The use of supporters and fingers in the early stages of the disease prevents further joint deformation.With advanced forms of the disease, orthopedic devices allow you to make the walk more comfortable.With the help of special sungs, it is possible to eliminate the main cause of the curvature: the flat feet.The operation is generally required for 3-4 degrees of valgus deformation, when the conservative treatment is ineffective.The choice of the method depends on the degree of gravity of the deformation.With a slight movement of the finger, only bone growth is removed.To do this, a small incision is carried out in the affected area, after which the Bump is cut and removed.

Distal osteotomy aims to reduce the corner of curvature.The lower part of the bone is sectioned and installed in the correct position.The proximal osteotomy implies the effect on the upper part of the finger.During Keller - Mardes, the thumb joint is completely removed, the remaining synovial shell is positioned between the most and the main phalanx.Surgical interventions are used in most cases of advanced forms of valgus deformation.The effectiveness of the treatment depends largely on the correctness of the implementation of the rehabilitation measures.In the postoperative period, you need to wear sales shoes or use special devices.To reduce the load on the operated leg, it is necessary to use crutches.The shoes should have a large tip and a low heel.It should be remembered that any surgery can lead to the development of complications.

The most dangerous are:

• soft tissue infection;
• osteomyelitis;
• bleeding;
• shift of bone fragments;
• slowdown of healing processes;
• Loss of sensitivity of the fingers.

The rarest complications are avascular neurosis and post -traumatic arthritis.Valgus deformation prevention is a constant visit to an orthopedist.Wearing shoes with high heels should be refused.We recommend the use of orthopedic sunspasses.A long stay in an upright position is prohibited.Valgus deformation is a rather serious disease that can worsen the patient's quality of life, so the treatment should start in its initial stages.

Khalus Valgus (Hallux Valgus) Treatment without surgery

Excessive body weight, wearing uncomfortable shoes, trauma of the feet lead to appearance from the inside at the base of the painful and hyperemic protruding thumb.It's called - Hallux Valgus.What is Hallux Valgus?The defined term literally deciphered as follows: Hallux is a thumb and Vallus is curved.The protrusion formed is the medial part of the head of the first metatarsal bone.At the same time, it gradually moves away from other metatarsal bones, which visually increase in size.This disease manifests itself from severe pain, becomes impossible to wear ordinary shoes.The skin above the protrusion is constantly rubbed, inflamed, in rare cases that bleed.With a premature circulation of medical assistance, a significant deformation of all metatarsal joints -falangee occurs.The first and second finger are crossed, other fingers can bend involuntarily, while the extension becomes impossible.

Causes of the disease

In order to better understand what Khalus Valgus is, it is necessary to know the causes and mechanism of the occurrence of this disease.It develops more often in women, since their binding apparatus is not as strong as in men.This deformation does not develop independently, the effect of the following pathogenic factors is necessary for its event:

• Increase in body weight - In fat people, there is an increase in the load in the area of the joints of the capital -flaning, which leads to the stretching of the binding apparatus, which connects the metatarsal bones;
• Stretted, uncomfortable, by pressing, with high heels, the shoes are the main trigger of this state.The frequent use of shoes with a narrow tip, even at high heels, contributes to a constant change in the physiological position of the thumb, which is why it gradually differs;
• The changes in the hormonal background, which often occur in fair sex people contribute to a change in the metabolism and trophism of the connective tissue, which leads to an increase in the stretching of the tendons, has compromised their integrity;
• Traumatization - significant damage to the tendons of the muscles that perform the main and deviant functions, causes the predominance of the efforts of one of them, which is the cause of the deviation of the first metatarsal bone;
• Diabetes Mellito - leads to the development of the diabetic foot, which is characterized by the impairment of blood circulation and trophism of muscles, tendons and ligaments, which allows you to manifest itself to deformations;
• Arthritis and arthrosis of the thumb of the legs can lead to the development of a chronic inflammatory focus, these diseases also stimulate the growth process of osteophytes that can cause the deformation of the articulation concerned;
• Pregnancy is a period in a woman's life, when a complete hormonal renovation occurs and an increase in the abdomen transfers the load to the front parts of the feet, which causes the development of the Khalus Valgo.

Hallux Valgus phase

The degree of gravity of Khalus Valgo is determined on the basis of the corner between the first metatarsal bone and the second, as well as the diverting corner of the thumb with the first metatarsal bone.There are three phases of development of this disease:

1. The 1st degree Hallux valgus is characterized by minimal deviations that make up: the interflood corner of less than 12 degrees and the diverting of the thumb does not exceed 25 degrees.At the same time, patients may not be completely absent in the patognomonic symptoms and visual changes are almost invisible.
2. Khalus Valgus 2 degrees - It manifests itself from an increase in the inter -flowing corner at 18 degrees, at this moment the first finger is rejected more than 25 degrees.With this development of deformation, painful sensations appear, discomfort when wearing ordinary shoes.With excessive excessive excessive, pain intensifies.The convex part of the bone head is more constantly rubbed, hyperemic, swollen, which indicates an inflammatory process.
3. Valgus di Hallux 3 degrees manifests itself with a significant curvature, the corner between the metatarsal bones exceeds 18 degrees and the first and second finger are crossed.A significant red swelling of red is observed inside, painful for palpation.Wearing shoes becomes impossible due to pain, patients constantly limp, saving the limb concerned.

The treatment tactics depend on the abandonment of the pathological process.In the early stages, you can do with conservative methods using tires and other fixing devices.The following phase requires urgent surgery, without which the foot can deform, other unwanted complications will occur.

Halus Valgus treatment methods

Before starting the treatment, it is necessary to exclude the impact of pathological factors.First of all, you have to reduce body weight.For this, patients are recommended to practice sports, guide an active lifestyle.An important point is that when performing physical effort, it is forbidden to apply forces on the limb concerned.The appointment of dietary therapy is an important step in the treatment of Khalus Valgo.A specialist may recommend an effective diet, but must necessarily include products rich in vitamins and minerals that will help improve the conditions of the articulation concerned.

Tires and orthopedic fixes

They are used for the constant fixation of bone and deformed finger closest to the rest of the foot.You can use rigid locks: tires that, if fixed on the foot, do not allow you to move a finger.This device is used during sleep, as well as with a long rest.You can resort to the use of silicone fixing.There are silicone fixers that are attached only to the thumb, as well as attaching to all the fingers.The main advantage of this development is the ability to enter shoes.At the same time, the effective fixation of the most continuous bone and the detention itself is practically not felt when wearing.